A. 鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ(鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鐗涘弶璇婅偂)
杩戝勾鏉ワ紝闅忕潃缁忔祹鐨勫揩閫熷彂灞曞拰鑲″競鐨勬寔缁绻佽崳锛岃偂绁ㄦ姇璧勫凡鎴愪负鎶曡祫鑰呰拷閫愯储瀵屽為暱鐨勭儹闂ㄦ柟寮忋傚湪浼楀氳偂绁ㄤ腑锛屽厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄥ嚟鍊熷叾绋冲畾澧為暱鍜岀墰鍙夎瘖鑲＄殑澹拌獕锛屽惛寮曚簡浼楀氭姇璧勮呯殑鐪肩悆銆傛湰鏂囧皢浠庝汉鎬у寲鐨勮掑害鍑哄彂锛屼负鎮ㄨ︾粏瑙ｈ诲厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄧ殑鎶曡祫浠峰煎拰鎶曡祫绛栫暐銆
鎴戜滑鏉ヤ簡瑙ｄ竴涓嬪厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄧ殑鍩烘湰鎯呭喌銆傚厗鏂拌偂浠芥垚绔嬩簬2000骞达紝鏄涓瀹朵笓涓氫粠浜嬮泦鎴愮數璺娴嬭瘯瑙ｅ喅鏂规堢殑楂樻柊鎶鏈浼佷笟銆傚叕鍙镐互鍏跺厛杩涚殑鎶鏈鍜屼紭绉鐨勫洟闃燂紝杩呴熷礇璧蜂负琛屼笟棰嗗艰呫傚厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄥ湪鑲″競涓婅〃鐜板嚭鑹诧紝鍏剁ǔ瀹氬為暱鐨勪笟缁╁拰楂樺搧璐ㄧ殑浜у搧骞垮彈鎶曡祫鑰呴潚鐫愩
鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鎷ユ湁鐗涘弶璇婅偂鐨勫０瑾夈傜墰鍙夎瘖鑲★紝浣滀负涓瀹剁煡鍚嶇殑鎶曡祫椤鹃棶鏈烘瀯锛屼互鍏剁嫭鍒扮殑甯傚満鍒嗘瀽鍜岀簿鍑嗙殑鑲＄エ鎺ㄨ崘钁楃О銆傝屽厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄤ綔涓哄叾鎺ㄨ崘鐨勯噸鐐瑰硅薄锛屽彲瑙佸叾鎶曡祫娼滃姏涔嬪ぇ銆傜墰鍙夎瘖鑲＄殑鎶曡祫绛栫暐浠ョǔ鍋ヤ负涓伙紝娉ㄩ噸闀挎湡鎶曡祫浠峰煎拰涓鑲＄殑鍩烘湰闈㈠垎鏋愩傜敱浜庡厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄧ殑鑹濂戒笟缁╁拰寮哄ぇ娼滃姏锛岀墰鍙夎瘖鑲″瑰叾鐨勬帹鑽愬皢涓烘姇璧勮呭甫鏉ヤ笉鍙浼伴噺鐨勬敹鐩娿
涓轰綍鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ濡傛ゅ彈鍒版姇璧勮呯殑杩芥崸鍛锛熷畠鍏峰囩ǔ瀹氬為暱鐨勪笟缁┿傞氳繃瀵瑰叕鍙哥殑璐㈠姟鎶ヨ〃鍜岃屼笟瓒嬪娍鐨勫垎鏋愶紝鎴戜滑鍙浠ョ湅鍒板厗鏂拌偂浠借〃鐜板嚭鑹茬殑鐩堝埄鑳藉姏鍜岀ǔ瀹氱殑澧為暱瓒嬪娍銆傝繖鏃犵枒涓烘姇璧勮呮彁渚涗簡涓涓浣庨庨櫓銆侀珮鍥炴姤鐨勬姇璧勬満浼氥
鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鐨勬姇璧勪环鍊煎湪浜庡叾甯傚満浠介濈殑鎸佺画鎵╁ぇ銆傞殢鐫鎶鏈鐨勪笉鏂杩涙ュ拰甯傚満闇姹傜殑涓嶆柇澧為暱锛岄泦鎴愮數璺琛屼笟杩庢潵浜嗗墠鎵鏈鏈夌殑鍙戝睍鏈洪亣銆傚厗鏂拌偂浠戒綔涓鸿ヨ屼笟鐨勯嗗啗浼佷笟锛屽叾浜у搧璐ㄩ噺鍜屾妧鏈鍒涙柊鑳藉姏宸插緱鍒板箍娉涜ゅ彲銆傞殢鐫甯傚満浠介濈殑杩涗竴姝ユ墿澶э紝鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鐨勬姇璧勪环鍊煎皢杩涗竴姝ユ彁鍗囥
鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鐨勬姇璧勭瓥鐣ヤ篃鏄鍏跺彈鍒板叧娉ㄧ殑閲嶈佸師鍥犱箣涓銆備綔涓轰竴瀹朵互浜烘у寲涓烘牳蹇冪殑浼佷笟锛屽厗鏂拌偂浠芥敞閲嶅憳宸ョ殑鍩瑰吇鍜屽彂灞曪紝鑷村姏浜庢彁渚涗紭璐ㄧ殑浜у搧鍜屾湇鍔°傝繖绉嶄汉鎬у寲鐨勭粡钀ョ悊蹇典笉浠呮彁鍗囦簡鍏鍙哥殑绔炰簤鍔涳紝涔熻耽寰椾簡鎶曡祫鑰呯殑淇′换銆傛姇璧勮呭逛簬鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鐨勬湭鏉ュ彂灞曞厖婊′俊蹇冿紝浠庤岃繘涓姝ユ帹鍔ㄤ簡鑲＄エ鐨勫崌鍊肩┖闂淬
鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ浣滀负鐗涘弶璇婅偂鎺ㄨ崘鐨勯噸鐐瑰硅薄锛屽叿澶囩ǔ瀹氬為暱鐨勪笟缁┿佸競鍦轰唤棰濈殑鎸佺画鎵╁ぇ浠ュ強浜烘у寲鐨勭粡钀ョ悊蹇碉紝鏃犵枒鏄涓椤瑰叿鏈夊法澶ф姇璧勪环鍊肩殑鑲＄エ銆傛姇璧勬湁椋庨櫓锛屾姇璧勮呭湪杩涜屽厗鏂拌偂浠借偂绁ㄧ殑鎶曡祫鏃讹紝浠嶉渶璋ㄦ厧閫夋嫨鍜岀戝﹁勫垝銆傚笇鏈涙湰鏂囧规偍浜嗚В鍏嗘柊鑲′唤鑲＄エ鐨勬姇璧勪环鍊煎拰鎶曡祫绛栫暐鏈夋墍甯鍔╋紝绁濇偍鍦ㄦ姇璧勪箣璺涓婂彇寰椾赴鏀讹紒